Eligible infants: 28 weeks of gestation or less
This is a masked randomized clinical trial in which extremely preterm infants fed human milk are randomly assigned to receive either a protein-enriched diet (intervention group) or a usual diet (control group) within the first 96 hours after birth
Eligible infants: 28 to 32 weeks of gestation
This is an unmasked randomized clinical trial in which very preterm infants fed human milk are randomly assigned to receive either exclusive enteral nutrition with minimal parenteral nutrition (intervention group) or usual parenteral nutrition with minimal enteral nutrition (control group) within the first 48 hours after birth
Eligible infants: 32 weeks of gestation or less
This is a prospective cohort study of human milk diets during the early postnatal development of premature babies. We want to look closely at the amounts of protein that infants receive during the first month of life to determine how it affects lean body mass accretion.
We recently reported that higher enteral protein intake in extremely preterm infants fed fortified human milk increases fat-free mass accretion and promotes growth without causing excessive body fat accretion.
In this secondary analysis of the Surfactant Positive Airway Pressure and Pulse Oximetry Trial (SUPPORT), we evaluated the effects of early treatment with CPAP on nutritional intake and in-hospital growth rates of extremely preterm infants.
We determined that there is a strong association between postnatal growth alterations defined by the INTEGROWTH-21st growth curves and adverse cognitive outcomes at 2 years of age.
After measuring body fat by air-displacement plethysmography in preterm infants randomized to receive either high-volume (180-200 mL/kg/day) or usual volume feeding (140-160 mL/kg/day), we concluded that there are no significant differences in the amount of body fat between infants receiving high or usual-volume feeds.
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